Understanding Studies

[westmich]

I find it interesting that so many studies are pointed out and used to justify X, but most of the time those pointing it out don't know what type of study was done (or even that there are types of studies) and how much weight should really be assigned to it.

 

 

As you move up the pyramid the study designs are more rigorous and allow for less bias or systematic error that may distract you from the truth.

Case series and Case reports consist of collections of reports on the treatment of individual patients or a report on a single patient. Because they are reports of cases and use no control groups to compare outcomes, they have little statistical validity.

Case control studies are studies in which patients who already have a specific condition are compared with people who do not have the condition. The researcher looks back to identify factors or exposures that might be associated with the illness.  They often rely on medical records and patient recall for data collection. These types of studies are often less reliable than randomized controlled trials and cohort studies because showing a statistical relationship does not mean than one factor necessarily caused the other. 

Cohort studies identify a group of patients who are already taking a particular treatment or have an exposure, follow them forward over time, and then compare their outcomes with a similar group that has not been affected by the treatment or exposure being studied. Cohort studies are observational and not as reliable as randomized controlled studies, since the two groups may differ in ways other than in the variable under study.  

Randomized controlled clinical trials are carefully planned experiments that introduce a treatment or exposure to study its effect on real patients. They include methodologies that reduce the potential for bias (randomization and blinding) and that allow for comparison between intervention groups and control (no intervention) groups.  A randomized controlled trial is a planned experiment and can provide sound evidence of cause and effect.  

Systematic Reviews  focus on a clinical topic and answer a specific question. An extensive literature search is conducted to identify studies with sound methodology. The studies are reviewed, assessed for quality, and the results summarized according to the predetermined criteria of the review question.

A Meta-analysis will thoroughly examine a number of valid studies on a topic and mathematically combine the results using accepted statistical methodology to report the results as if it were one large study.

 

 

[Retroizzie]

Oh

 

Statistics time...

 

You have three devices that has senors with weight in grams per patient percsription via a touch pad method.

 

1. Pick Up Express wall dispensary

2. Drone Delivery

3. Instant Weight Evaluator (IWE)

 

Each has its on usage one how it develops its structure within a enviorment.

 

The pick up will monitor the influx of patients coming in and out of the storefront

 

Hightech delivery drones already set in a numerous places via amazon... can be used wkth a friendly community wkthin your city to deliver the goods to patients in need.

 

A IWE prescribes the initial dosage in an instant without the use of scales. The monitoring rate allows stasticians to have a closer look at the rate of actual weight withing each strain...

 

Once all that data is found... just saying... you can find the population means, standard deviations, confidence levels just incase you want to find the margine between grams.. or abundance ... aftet that use the stastival method like finsing the z value or t test.. or anova... or f distribution. Or other stastical methods to find more about what a device for operational use can do... bloop bloop blap blap.... robot mode activated... ????